Exploring the relationship between ABO blood groups and vulnerability to different diseases

Abstract

The ABO grouping of blood, comprising the four main types A, B, AB, and O, has been widely recognized for its significance in establishing the suitability of organ transplants and blood transfusions. Recent research has revealed the potential influence of ABO blood types on susceptibility to certain diseases. The current study uses an extensive review of the body of literature and epidemiological investigations to explore the relationships between ABO blood types and disorders that impact various organ systems. The focus lies on chronic ailments, encompassing certain types of cancer as well as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and infectious disorders. For example, those with A blood group may exhibit a higher susceptibility to developing peptic carcinoma, whereas individuals with blood type O may demonstrate a lower propensity for cardiovascular issues. The fundamental mechanisms of these interactions remain incompletely understood. The potential causes for the impact of ABO antigens on immunological responses, coagulation factors, inflammation, and interactions with pathogens are still under investigation. The presence of genetic and molecular variations within ABO blood types may contribute to differing susceptibilities to illnesses. This review examines the correlation between ABO blood types and susceptibility to diseases.