Characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Novacetimonas pomaceti KMPG_12, and improving prebiotic property by reducing size using high pressure homogenization

Abstract

This study investigates the production and characterization of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Novacetimonas pomaceti KMPG_12, focusing on enhancing its prebiotic properties through size reduction via high-pressure homogenization (HPH). Optimal conditions for BC production were established using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), yielding a maximum dry weight of 9.78 g/L under conditions of 15% glucose, 0.4% peptone, and 4.5% alcohol over a 14-day cultivation period. The produced BC was subjected to HPH at 20,000 psi for eight cycles, significantly reducing fiber size, as confirmed by SEM analysis. The transformation from a compact, net-like structure to a more separated fibrous network at the nanometer scale was observed. FTIR analysis revealed modifications in the BC’s molecular framework post-HPH, indicating a disruption of hydrogen bonds and a transition towards a less crystalline structure. The prebiotic potential of HPH-treated BC was assessed through in vitro experiments with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, showing a significant enhancement in bacterial proliferation (P=0.0437) compared to untreated BC. This study highlights the potential of BC, particularly when processed to the nanoscale, to serve as a functional ingredient that supports gut health and microbial growth, marking a significant advancement in the development of sustainable and effective prebiotic products.