Immune enhancing activity of garlic polysaccharide, selenizing Codonopsis pilosula compounds in chickens
Li Liang-liang1,2, Liu Kuan-hui3, Xie Shi-hui3, Li Ting3, Zhu Guang-huang3, Mikhlid H. Almutairi4, Muhammad Zahid5, Mushtaq Ahmad Gondal6, Qudratullah6, Khalid Mehmood5*, Yi Wu1*
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
2College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
3Wuhu Institute of Technology, Wuhu, China
4Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
6Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Abstract
Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide is a main ingredient of Codonopsis. The key component in Condoposis is identified as Codonopsis pilosula. This Codonopsis has multiple functions including stimulation of spleen, lungs and tonifying the middle Jiao and Qi. Allium sativum has functions of regulating vital energy, appetizing, detoxification, and disinfection. Polysaccharide of the bulbous is key component to perform the functions of this bulbous. In current study, the immune enhancing activity of GP, sCPP and GP-sCPP through in-vivo and in-vitro trials was evaluated. For in-vivo trials, a total of 150 one day old white roman chicks were randomly divided into five groups, namely immune control (VC), blank control (BC), GP-sCPP, sCPP and GP groups. Chicks in group GP-sCPP, sCPP and GP was intramuscularly treated with 0.5 mg, 0.5 mg and 4.5 mg of polysaccharide, respectively, in all experimental days, and chicks in VC and BC were treated with equal volume of normal saline injections daily. All chicks were bred according to the standards for the rearing of laying hens. For in-vitro trials, lymphocyte cells were cultured in a 12-well plate along with different concentrations of GP-sCPP, sCPP and GP were supplemented in the cells and incubated at 37.5℃. After that, MTT was employed to measure the cytotoxicity of those polysaccharides. The results showed that GP, sCPP and GP-sCPP could increase immune-enhancing activities by releasing cytokines of IL-2 and IFN-γ. In-vivo experiments in chicks showed significantly higher serum antibody titer, T lymphocyte proliferation, and IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-6 levels in GP-sCPP group. These results demonstrated that GP-sCPP can significantly promote immune enhancing activity, which could be recognized as a novel candidate for new type of immune modulator.
